{"id":5013,"date":"2026-06-04T14:13:30","date_gmt":"2026-06-04T12:13:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/?page_id=5013"},"modified":"2026-06-04T14:37:18","modified_gmt":"2026-06-04T12:37:18","slug":"zirconia-ceramic","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/en\/technical-ceramics\/zirconia-ceramic\/","title":{"rendered":"Zirconia"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ka6fr2hs-6e532bde8d403dbd1b22ddb5f128e45b\">\n.avia-section.av-ka6fr2hs-6e532bde8d403dbd1b22ddb5f128e45b{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/hero2.jpg);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:fixed;\n}\n.avia-section.av-ka6fr2hs-6e532bde8d403dbd1b22ddb5f128e45b .av-section-color-overlay{\nopacity:0.9;\nbackground-color:#f9f9f9;\n}\n#top .avia-section.av-ka6fr2hs-6e532bde8d403dbd1b22ddb5f128e45b .scroll-down-link{\ncolor:#d8121c;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section av-ka6fr2hs-6e532bde8d403dbd1b22ddb5f128e45b main_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-first  avia-full-stretch avia-bg-style-fixed av-section-color-overlay-active container_wrap fullsize'  data-section-bg-repeat='stretch'><div class=\"av-section-color-overlay-wrap\"><div class=\"av-section-color-overlay\"><\/div><a href='#next-section' title='' class='scroll-down-link av-custom-scroll-down-color' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue877' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/a><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><main  role=\"main\" itemprop=\"mainContentOfPage\"  class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-5013'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-27itm-ae757942a0dd48460bd9d0a9373ad9ed\">\n.flex_column.av-27itm-ae757942a0dd48460bd9d0a9373ad9ed{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-27itm-ae757942a0dd48460bd9d0a9373ad9ed av_one_full  avia-builder-el-1  el_before_av_two_third  avia-builder-el-first  custom-greyscale first flex_column_div av-animated-generic left-to-right av-zero-column-padding  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-bapcj-e468d86e4ba4eca0056bdb23e666fc68\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-bapcj-e468d86e4ba4eca0056bdb23e666fc68{\npadding-bottom:10px;\nfont-size:40px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-bapcj-e468d86e4ba4eca0056bdb23e666fc68 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-bapcj-e468d86e4ba4eca0056bdb23e666fc68 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:40px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-bapcj-e468d86e4ba4eca0056bdb23e666fc68 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-bapcj-e468d86e4ba4eca0056bdb23e666fc68 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-bapcj-e468d86e4ba4eca0056bdb23e666fc68 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-bapcj-e468d86e4ba4eca0056bdb23e666fc68 av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote modern-centered  avia-builder-el-2  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  av-inherit-size'><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >ZIRCONIA CERAMIC: TOUGH, CORROSION-RESISTANT, BIOCOMPATIBLE<\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='flex_column_table av-2hrptnd-f7c3f2dfb0280faa99929ed512b798bb sc-av_two_third av-equal-height-column-flextable'><div  class='flex_column av-2hrptnd-f7c3f2dfb0280faa99929ed512b798bb av_two_third  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_third  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle av-animated-generic left-to-right  column-top-margin'     ><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-mi66sheh-07b625a49e55e2c00116d3283ca401c2 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Zirconium oxide<\/strong>\u00a0(ZrO\u2082) is a high-performance ceramic composed of zirconium (Zr) and oxygen (O\u2082). It combines high hardness with exceptionally high fracture toughness. This combination distinguishes the material from other oxide ceramics and makes\u00a0<strong>zirconia the ideal ceramic<\/strong>\u00a0choice for components that\u00a0<strong>are subjected to high mechanical stress and must also withstand chemical attack<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mo8gblac-f2e9feca2499c803d27b251bca001532\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-mo8gblac-f2e9feca2499c803d27b251bca001532{\nheight:30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-mo8gblac-f2e9feca2499c803d27b251bca001532 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-5  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_button '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-button-wrap av-2m4n9u8-f4159071e674d1992efd3a4576abbc3f-wrap avia-button-center  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr '><a href='https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/en\/contact\/'  class='avia-button av-2m4n9u8-f4159071e674d1992efd3a4576abbc3f av-link-btn avia-icon_select-no avia-size-small avia-position-center avia-color-theme-color'  ><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >CONTACT US<\/span><\/a><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2a4mxc-acdbd817863f8421eea823c7259c57e5\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-2a4mxc-acdbd817863f8421eea823c7259c57e5{\nheight:30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-2a4mxc-acdbd817863f8421eea823c7259c57e5 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-7  el_after_av_button  avia-builder-el-last '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/p><\/div><div class='av-flex-placeholder'><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-mi67n302-49114ff71c4ccf505386cc7549f8ee44 av_one_third  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_two_third  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle av-animated-generic left-to-right  column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mi671v53-c66aa2d4415d8d62b8b467a5f62214fb\">\n.avia-image-container.av-mi671v53-c66aa2d4415d8d62b8b467a5f62214fb img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-mi671v53-c66aa2d4415d8d62b8b467a5f62214fb .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-mi671v53-c66aa2d4415d8d62b8b467a5f62214fb av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-9  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-4940 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-4940 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-keramik-kristallstruktur-graf-hartmetall.webp\" alt='Crystal structure of ZrO\u2082' title='zirkonoxid-keramik-kristallstruktur-graf-hartmetall'  height=\"800\" width=\"800\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-keramik-kristallstruktur-graf-hartmetall.webp 800w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-keramik-kristallstruktur-graf-hartmetall-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-keramik-kristallstruktur-graf-hartmetall-80x80.webp 80w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-keramik-kristallstruktur-graf-hartmetall-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-keramik-kristallstruktur-graf-hartmetall-36x36.webp 36w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-keramik-kristallstruktur-graf-hartmetall-180x180.webp 180w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-keramik-kristallstruktur-graf-hartmetall-705x705.webp 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 -->\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/main><!-- close content main element --><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id='sorten'  class='avia-section av-vcqayx-0e6a250aa8895a9bb98f68d70e4c4d98 alternate_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-fixed container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-5013'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div  class='flex_column av-mi7anole-35eca1eb1d9e8f3e5cc1a99a270b2b00 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-11  el_before_av_one_third  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic left-to-right  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mi7anf0m-54376be005cfa59c155c5bd7c89f3952\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-mi7anf0m-54376be005cfa59c155c5bd7c89f3952{\npadding-bottom:10px;\nfont-size:30px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-mi7anf0m-54376be005cfa59c155c5bd7c89f3952 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-mi7anf0m-54376be005cfa59c155c5bd7c89f3952 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:30px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-mi7anf0m-54376be005cfa59c155c5bd7c89f3952 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-mi7anf0m-54376be005cfa59c155c5bd7c89f3952 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-mi7anf0m-54376be005cfa59c155c5bd7c89f3952 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-mi7anf0m-54376be005cfa59c155c5bd7c89f3952 av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote modern-centered  avia-builder-el-12  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >PROPERTIES OF ZRO\u2082 AT A GLANCE<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mo7btv1v-2eea4b010bce131220c28c3b568ed8ae\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-mo7btv1v-2eea4b010bce131220c28c3b568ed8ae .avia_textblock{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mo7btv1v-2eea4b010bce131220c28c3b568ed8ae '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Zirconia ceramics are produced by sintering stabilized ZrO\u2082 powder.\u00a0The <b>properties of zirconia (zirconium dioxide)<\/b>\u00a0can be varied over a wide range by adjusting factors such as powder purity, stabilizer content, and the sintering process.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div class='flex_column_table av-2jsg5gw-1632648f4dd086a6e50dfed424bc30dd sc-av_one_third av-mobile-columns-flex av-columns-reverse av-equal-height-column-flextable'><div  class='flex_column av-2jsg5gw-1632648f4dd086a6e50dfed424bc30dd av_one_third  avia-builder-el-14  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_two_third  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle av-animated-generic left-to-right  column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mo7bs3ll-6d6079755bdb26141cf97ea97cd02b99\">\n.avia-image-container.av-mo7bs3ll-6d6079755bdb26141cf97ea97cd02b99 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-mo7bs3ll-6d6079755bdb26141cf97ea97cd02b99 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-mo7bs3ll-6d6079755bdb26141cf97ea97cd02b99 av-styling- avia-align-center  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https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-eigenschaften-graf-hartmetall-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-eigenschaften-graf-hartmetall-36x36.webp 36w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-eigenschaften-graf-hartmetall-180x180.webp 180w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-eigenschaften-graf-hartmetall-705x705.webp 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='av-flex-placeholder'><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-2ifxr3k-e1297ca1916346643cd3df9e2ed57aac av_two_third  avia-builder-el-16  el_after_av_one_third  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle av-animated-generic left-to-right  column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mpcjzdfq-ad607e2fe5d59ad4fc966f525c53b998\">\n#top .avia-icon-list-container.av-mpcjzdfq-ad607e2fe5d59ad4fc966f525c53b998 .iconlist_icon{\ncolor:#d8121c;\n}\n.avia-icon-list-container.av-mpcjzdfq-ad607e2fe5d59ad4fc966f525c53b998 .iconlist_content{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-icon-list-container av-mpcjzdfq-ad607e2fe5d59ad4fc966f525c53b998  avia-builder-el-17  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '><ul class='avia-icon-list avia_animate_when_almost_visible avia-icon-list-left av-iconlist-small av-mpcjzdfq-ad607e2fe5d59ad4fc966f525c53b998 avia-iconlist-animate'>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-mpcjwz7t-dc8f0a3d379f3108c24e15880aed91ab avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Hardness:<\/strong> approx. 1,200 HV<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-mpcjx721-6ea6a908900af638253d6aadd6637f60 avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Flexural strength: <\/strong>900\u20131,200 MPa<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-mpcjxdmn-0459a1a80db4e38b31315111fe9672d4 avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Fracture toughness: <\/strong>8\u201310 MPa\u00b7m^\u00bd (approximately three to four times that of aluminum oxide)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-mpcjxdmn-37-27809289f8204c79c99ff7acb7d0bd7c avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Density:<\/strong> approx. 6.05 g\/cm\u00b3<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-mpcjxdmn-36-f2e2a970449bbe5586572b2b51bb0075 avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Elastic Modulus: <\/strong>200\u2013210 GPa (stiffness comparable to steel)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-mpcjxdmn-35-57a18e1f39900ef3f7286788e5e3fd10 avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Thermal conductivity: <\/strong>2\u20133 W\/(m\u00b7K), thermally insulating<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-mpcjxdmn-34-a2b05dac9dfa39d591fcb4154aa3588b avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Coefficient of thermal expansion:<\/strong> 10\u00b710\u207b\u2076\/K, close to steel (advantageous for joining metals)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-mpcjxdmn-33-e247cd65c70907ca0c7200f118ccdac4 avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Continuous operating temperature: <\/strong>up to approx. 1,000 \u00b0C (Y-TZP), up to approx. 1,400 \u00b0C (Mg-PSZ)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-mpcjxdmn-32-d22f5ca809183b82a776e23de5e4afb6 avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Electrical Properties: <\/strong>insulating at room temperature, ion-conducting at high temperatures (basis of lambda sensors and fuel cells)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-mpcjxdmn-31-e5793551cd69a76656f00e4111d2d7c1 avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Biocompatibility: <\/strong>inert to tissues and body fluids and approved for long-term medical applications approved for many years<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 -->\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='bauteile'  class='avia-section av-mpcq8zqw-76e9101d0739b49261d1c5a5117012f3 main_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-18  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-fixed container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-5013'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div  class='flex_column av-mpcr09ht-f932761754cede1f58364ce5cbfbe697 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-19  el_before_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic left-to-right  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1f3kllc-61c90e072c44331f297b9f09717c7f9b\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-1f3kllc-61c90e072c44331f297b9f09717c7f9b{\npadding-bottom:10px;\nfont-size:30px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-1f3kllc-61c90e072c44331f297b9f09717c7f9b .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-1f3kllc-61c90e072c44331f297b9f09717c7f9b .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:30px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-1f3kllc-61c90e072c44331f297b9f09717c7f9b .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-1f3kllc-61c90e072c44331f297b9f09717c7f9b .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-1f3kllc-61c90e072c44331f297b9f09717c7f9b .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-1f3kllc-61c90e072c44331f297b9f09717c7f9b av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote modern-centered  avia-builder-el-20  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  av-inherit-size'><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >TYPES AND COMPOSITION OF ZIRCONIA CERAMICS<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-mpcr0g4f-4923ba36bce74cb5dbb2fba65ba8df16 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-21  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_third  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic left-to-right  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-1czeegg-7b217be283bfd3180bede2fbc5551ff0 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>The composition of zirconia determines its property profile.<\/strong>\u00a0Pure ZrO\u2082 changes between crystalline phases upon cooling and would be technically unusable. By adding stabilizers such as yttria (Y\u2082O\u2083), magnesia (MgO), or calcia (CaO) to fix the desired phase. In practice, four variants predominate:<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-1ay4sr4-6299190e20436fc77eb0049565cceca9 av_one_third  avia-builder-el-23  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_third  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic right-to-left  column-top-margin'     ><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-19l0r28-8a375e5f93ea74ad5def48e5ed0c2c62 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Y-TZP (yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Highest strength and toughness, fine-grained structure. Standard for precision parts and medical technology components.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mpcr5dxx-d53ad69d3ba9e08bd5bd29d60a4cd851\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-mpcr5dxx-d53ad69d3ba9e08bd5bd29d60a4cd851{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-mpcr5dxx-d53ad69d3ba9e08bd5bd29d60a4cd851 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-25  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  av-mini-hide'><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-2accrk-1c4fe9c9e6e6a9fd4d5b3b314161eaf6 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Ca-PSZ (calcia partially stabilized zirconia)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Cost-effective option for standard applications with a focus on wear resistance.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-14pqiuo-673be598e530fc2b30e31336e4408605 av_one_third  avia-builder-el-27  el_after_av_one_third  el_before_av_one_third  flex_column_div av-animated-generic right-to-left  column-top-margin'     ><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-1330yw0-c37c0e3b8f59eaf7db17d3f84c18dbd3 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Mg-PSZ (magnesia partially stabilized zirconia)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Coarser structure, higher thermal shock resistance, suitable for larger components and higher operating temperatures.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-3srsw0-caf6826d0abd5dd481b011e255998a87\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-3srsw0-caf6826d0abd5dd481b011e255998a87{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-3srsw0-caf6826d0abd5dd481b011e255998a87 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-29  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock  av-mini-hide'><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-z6zdz4-b922bed14924d17de0dec249f0e0df1d '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>ATZ \/ ZTA (alumina-toughened zirconia \/ zirconia-toughened alumina)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Composite ceramics with aluminum oxide that combine the hardness of Al\u2082O\u2083 with the toughness of ZrO\u2082.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-xvdcq8-6c84a92a89344be63c4e4cc981865aa0 av_one_third  avia-builder-el-31  el_after_av_one_third  el_before_av_one_full  flex_column_div av-animated-generic left-to-right  column-top-margin'     ><p><div  class='avia-icon-list-container av-mpcree0e-5334197d625307d420b3bfba1c058d15  avia-builder-el-32  el_before_av_image  avia-builder-el-first  av-desktop-hide av-medium-hide'><ul class='avia-icon-list avia_animate_when_almost_visible avia-icon-list-left av-iconlist-small av-mpcree0e-5334197d625307d420b3bfba1c058d15 avia-iconlist-animate'>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-mpcrdcp8-778bc82367f50092db514da0fee5c809 avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue889' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Welche Sorte passt, ergibt sich aus Bauteilgeometrie, Medium, Temperaturbereich und Lastfall. In den meisten Anfragen entscheidet die Kombination aus Bauteilgr\u00f6sse und Festigkeits\u00adanforderung.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mpcqt1f2-616a56134d365a9f7d07d3730ad8d99a\">\n.avia-image-container.av-mpcqt1f2-616a56134d365a9f7d07d3730ad8d99a img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-mpcqt1f2-616a56134d365a9f7d07d3730ad8d99a .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-mpcqt1f2-616a56134d365a9f7d07d3730ad8d99a av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-33  el_after_av_iconlist  avia-builder-el-last '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-4938 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-4938 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxidkeramik-zusammensetzung-graf-hartmetall.webp\" alt='Metallised zirconia rolls | Graf Hartmetall' title='zirkonoxidkeramik-zusammensetzung-graf-hartmetall'  height=\"800\" width=\"800\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxidkeramik-zusammensetzung-graf-hartmetall.webp 800w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxidkeramik-zusammensetzung-graf-hartmetall-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxidkeramik-zusammensetzung-graf-hartmetall-80x80.webp 80w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxidkeramik-zusammensetzung-graf-hartmetall-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxidkeramik-zusammensetzung-graf-hartmetall-36x36.webp 36w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxidkeramik-zusammensetzung-graf-hartmetall-180x180.webp 180w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxidkeramik-zusammensetzung-graf-hartmetall-705x705.webp 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-3vclxs-667db1032b2fdb9d179255ba8ff46d3f av_one_full  avia-builder-el-34  el_after_av_one_third  avia-builder-el-last  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic left-to-right  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-2nuw74-fe5d23a6febf0e077d9c5ce7e16aaf91 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='av-small-hide av-mini-hide avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>The appropriate grade depends on the component geometry, medium, temperature range, and load condition. In most cases, the combination of component size and strength requirements is the deciding factor.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-fvqfvq-32e9f387e7330f059a299865d90a30e0\">\n.avia-section.av-fvqfvq-32e9f387e7330f059a299865d90a30e0{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/technical-drawing-3324368.jpg);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:fixed;\n}\n.avia-section.av-fvqfvq-32e9f387e7330f059a299865d90a30e0 .av-section-color-overlay{\nopacity:0.9;\nbackground-color:#f9f9f9;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='bauteile'  class='avia-section av-fvqfvq-32e9f387e7330f059a299865d90a30e0 main_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-36  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-full-stretch avia-bg-style-fixed av-section-color-overlay-active container_wrap fullsize'  data-section-bg-repeat='stretch'><div class=\"av-section-color-overlay-wrap\"><div class=\"av-section-color-overlay\"><\/div><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-5013'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div  class='flex_column av-28ad68g-c00f8dd1d855e6a4a73060f2559926bb av_one_full  avia-builder-el-37  el_before_av_one_third  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic right-to-left  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mo7chbca-9a1b6fec974df2e39f31041bcfd62c28\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-mo7chbca-9a1b6fec974df2e39f31041bcfd62c28{\npadding-bottom:10px;\nfont-size:30px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-mo7chbca-9a1b6fec974df2e39f31041bcfd62c28 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-mo7chbca-9a1b6fec974df2e39f31041bcfd62c28 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:30px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-mo7chbca-9a1b6fec974df2e39f31041bcfd62c28 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-mo7chbca-9a1b6fec974df2e39f31041bcfd62c28 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-mo7chbca-9a1b6fec974df2e39f31041bcfd62c28 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-mo7chbca-9a1b6fec974df2e39f31041bcfd62c28 av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote modern-centered  avia-builder-el-38  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  av-inherit-size'><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >WHEN ZRO\u2082 IS THE RIGHT CHOICE<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='flex_column_table av-uiqxkg-31e04eb4c99aa1b5e7ccc501ee43d398 sc-av_one_third av-mobile-columns-flex av-columns-reverse av-equal-height-column-flextable'><div  class='flex_column av-uiqxkg-31e04eb4c99aa1b5e7ccc501ee43d398 av_one_third  avia-builder-el-39  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_two_third  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle av-animated-generic left-to-right  column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mpcl76qt-7250cf45a9fec76b329ae9cae1e32a52\">\n.avia-image-container.av-mpcl76qt-7250cf45a9fec76b329ae9cae1e32a52 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-mpcl76qt-7250cf45a9fec76b329ae9cae1e32a52 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-mpcl76qt-7250cf45a9fec76b329ae9cae1e32a52 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-40  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-4930 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-4930 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-duesen-graf-hartmetall.webp\" alt='Zirconia nozzles | Graf Hartmetall' title='zirkonoxid-duesen-graf-hartmetall'  height=\"800\" width=\"800\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-duesen-graf-hartmetall.webp 800w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-duesen-graf-hartmetall-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-duesen-graf-hartmetall-80x80.webp 80w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-duesen-graf-hartmetall-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-duesen-graf-hartmetall-36x36.webp 36w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-duesen-graf-hartmetall-180x180.webp 180w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/zirkonoxid-duesen-graf-hartmetall-705x705.webp 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='av-flex-placeholder'><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-tldde8-7836fd2e58334e73bf0dd515016a2508 av_two_third  avia-builder-el-41  el_after_av_one_third  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle av-animated-generic right-to-left  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-re0agg-389d4785b8268f4303fdd874629c7286 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Zirconia is particularly suitable for components that must\u00a0<strong>meet several demanding requirements simultaneously<\/strong>. A classic example is the combination of high mechanical stress and high wear, often along with exposure to aggressive media such as acids, alkalis, or molten salts.<\/p>\n<p>Where aluminum oxide would be too brittle in crack-sensitive geometries, ZrO\u2082 lasts significantly longer thanks to its fracture toughness. This is further enhanced by applications requiring\u00a0<strong>biocompatibility<\/strong>\u00a0in medical and dental technology,\u00a0<strong>electrical insulation<\/strong>\u00a0combined with high strength, and\u00a0<strong>tight-tolerance precision parts<\/strong>\u00a0that must remain dimensionally stable over long service lives.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 -->\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ka6fr2hs-14-ff3ebac331e1a59f65c2bb6bab4e8217\">\n.avia-section.av-ka6fr2hs-14-ff3ebac331e1a59f65c2bb6bab4e8217{\nmargin-top:0px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_5'  class='avia-section av-ka6fr2hs-14-ff3ebac331e1a59f65c2bb6bab4e8217 alternate_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-43  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-fixed container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-5013'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div  class='flex_column av-262p5s0-5b3195c8a4338c9a35cf59e4115cceac av_one_full  avia-builder-el-44  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic right-to-left  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mo7cj4w7-9e85c3fa7a11bf63b570bb47bab1e5f5\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-mo7cj4w7-9e85c3fa7a11bf63b570bb47bab1e5f5{\npadding-bottom:10px;\nfont-size:20px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-mo7cj4w7-9e85c3fa7a11bf63b570bb47bab1e5f5 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-mo7cj4w7-9e85c3fa7a11bf63b570bb47bab1e5f5 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-mo7cj4w7-9e85c3fa7a11bf63b570bb47bab1e5f5 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-mo7cj4w7-9e85c3fa7a11bf63b570bb47bab1e5f5 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-mo7cj4w7-9e85c3fa7a11bf63b570bb47bab1e5f5 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-mo7cj4w7-9e85c3fa7a11bf63b570bb47bab1e5f5 av-special-heading-h3 custom-color-heading blockquote modern-quote modern-centered  avia-builder-el-45  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >BOUNDARY CONDITIONS: GUIDELINES FOR THE STRUCTURAL AND CHEMICAL DESIGN<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mo7cj9dl-1da9eb4d7a892bf5da501c399f166ab2 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Before deciding on zirconia, the following factors should be evaluated:<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mpck7mrz-2f0150b71ed186c93c263123b4da4c2f\">\n#top .avia-icon-list-container.av-mpck7mrz-2f0150b71ed186c93c263123b4da4c2f .iconlist_icon{\ncolor:#d8121c;\n}\n.avia-icon-list-container.av-mpck7mrz-2f0150b71ed186c93c263123b4da4c2f .iconlist_content{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-icon-list-container av-mpck7mrz-2f0150b71ed186c93c263123b4da4c2f  avia-builder-el-47  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last '><ul class='avia-icon-list avia_animate_when_almost_visible avia-icon-list-left av-iconlist-small av-mpck7mrz-2f0150b71ed186c93c263123b4da4c2f avia-iconlist-animate'>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-mpck6811-0a5a711de4a1390e304c9bb990ab02f8 avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Edge geometry and load distribution: <\/strong>Zirconia withstands compressive stresses significantly better than tensile and bending stresses. Generous radii, flat bearing surfaces, and a load-oriented design help to avoid stress concentrations and extend service life.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-mpck6v8d-6a69db3fc7146add6cd82f36848d4a87 avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Hydrothermal aging: <\/strong>For Y-TZP, ageing may occur in humid environments at temperatures above approximately 200 \u00b0C. \u00a0Adapted microstructures and alternative stabilizer systems reliably limit this effect.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-mpck7c21-7a3d8f3338a1b246dc63bb13e8461cb5 avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Hydrofluoric acid and hot, concentrated sulfuric acid: <\/strong>These media attack the surface over time. For such applications, silicon carbide is usually the better choice.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-mpck7l9b-6660e59c9dd17f279933ef4f7ab4ff26 avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Strongly reducing atmospheres at high temperatures: <\/strong>These shift the oxygen equilibria in the lattice. For such applications, early material evaluation is recommended.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-24mddf4-4a47db6f6a9969f3406dbedcb163fbf9\">\n.avia-section.av-24mddf4-4a47db6f6a9969f3406dbedcb163fbf9{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/technical-drawing-3324368.jpg);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:fixed;\n}\n.avia-section.av-24mddf4-4a47db6f6a9969f3406dbedcb163fbf9 .av-section-color-overlay{\nopacity:0.9;\nbackground-color:#f9f9f9;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='bauteile'  class='avia-section av-24mddf4-4a47db6f6a9969f3406dbedcb163fbf9 main_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-48  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-full-stretch avia-bg-style-fixed av-section-color-overlay-active container_wrap fullsize'  data-section-bg-repeat='stretch'><div class=\"av-section-color-overlay-wrap\"><div class=\"av-section-color-overlay\"><\/div><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-5013'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div  class='flex_column av-pg9sdc-d1272e14c8b259104a45fd0898849154 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-49  el_before_av_two_third  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic right-to-left  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mpckbaut-03e65fc6d94220f3b48dc0e82bb8ee12\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-mpckbaut-03e65fc6d94220f3b48dc0e82bb8ee12{\npadding-bottom:10px;\nfont-size:30px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-mpckbaut-03e65fc6d94220f3b48dc0e82bb8ee12 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-mpckbaut-03e65fc6d94220f3b48dc0e82bb8ee12 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:30px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-mpckbaut-03e65fc6d94220f3b48dc0e82bb8ee12 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-mpckbaut-03e65fc6d94220f3b48dc0e82bb8ee12 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-mpckbaut-03e65fc6d94220f3b48dc0e82bb8ee12 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-mpckbaut-03e65fc6d94220f3b48dc0e82bb8ee12 av-special-heading-h2 custom-color-heading blockquote modern-quote modern-centered  avia-builder-el-50  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  av-inherit-size'><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >TYPICAL COMPONENTS AND INDUSTRIES: WHERE ZIRCONIUM-OXYGEN CERAMICS ARE USED<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-ol8168-029b5411bc9a98b5de16cc0653b88289 av_two_third  avia-builder-el-51  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_third  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic right-to-left  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ly0e40-b27971079c5a657498e7aa829adaf05d\">\n#top .avia-icon-list-container.av-ly0e40-b27971079c5a657498e7aa829adaf05d .iconlist_icon{\ncolor:#d8121c;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-icon-list-container av-ly0e40-b27971079c5a657498e7aa829adaf05d  avia-builder-el-52  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><ul class='avia-icon-list avia_animate_when_almost_visible avia-icon-list-left av-iconlist-small av-ly0e40-b27971079c5a657498e7aa829adaf05d avia-iconlist-animate'>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-lavp9c-ac6a0315e3771ac996a26bbee2d28085 avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Medical and dental technology: <\/strong>dental implants, crowns, bridges, abutments, hip joint heads<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-jr2j0g-fcaf8167f2195c647928351e4623cd21 avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Pumps, valves, sealing technology: <\/strong>shaft protection sleeves, seat rings, sliding rings, valve balls<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-h8i2gw-7f96152e10d26fad2a36c0a35116a644 avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Tool and forming technology: <\/strong>drawing dies, thread guides, cutting edges, membrane cutters in battery manufacturing, stamping and forming components<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-g8jwyo-283724ee8a5a386871e41498834da2b3 avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Mechanical engineering: <\/strong>Bearing bushings, sealing discs, stops, guides, rollers and wear parts in photovoltaic and grinding technology<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-dg5l80-8c7bed865656cb88f8be14a0bd2eb88f avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Sensors and electronics: <\/strong>Solid electrolytes in oxygen sensors (lambda probes), fuel cells, insulators<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-c1nteo-35eb3e56b66609745dbe27009a816c74 avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>High-temperature technology: <\/strong>thermal barrier layers, furnace linings, crucibles<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<li><div class='iconlist_icon av-awfc1s-a2243263447aa5b6c023853004d144ef avia-font-entypo-fontello'><span class='iconlist-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><\/div><article class=\"article-icon-entry \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class=\"iconlist_content_wrap\"><header class=\"entry-content-header\"><\/header><div class='iconlist_content '  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Measuring and testing technology: <\/strong>Plug gauges, standard gauges, test needles with high dimensional stability<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><footer class=\"entry-footer\"><\/footer><\/article><div class=\"iconlist-timeline\"><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-7gy8wg-bdaf78192c7881c12714f30eb1e8e405 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='av-desktop-hide av-medium-hide avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>In many of these applications,\u00a0<strong>zirconaia, a ceramic composed of zirconium and oxygen,<\/strong>\u00a0replaces components made of metal or other high-performance ceramics and significantly extends the service life.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-mpcr1dwe-75d476687bf44c61504e06146762655b av_one_third  avia-builder-el-54  el_after_av_two_third  el_before_av_one_full  flex_column_div av-animated-generic right-to-left  column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mpclaxuy-4696f0dd5638b203e116e6d638df9cc7\">\n.avia-image-container.av-mpclaxuy-4696f0dd5638b203e116e6d638df9cc7 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-mpclaxuy-4696f0dd5638b203e116e6d638df9cc7 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-mpclaxuy-4696f0dd5638b203e116e6d638df9cc7 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-55  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-4936 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-4936 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/cnc-zirkonoxid-platten-graf-hartmetall.webp\" alt='CNC Zirkonoxid Platten | Graf Hartmetall' title='cnc-zirkonoxid-platten-graf-hartmetall'  height=\"800\" width=\"800\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/cnc-zirkonoxid-platten-graf-hartmetall.webp 800w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/cnc-zirkonoxid-platten-graf-hartmetall-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/cnc-zirkonoxid-platten-graf-hartmetall-80x80.webp 80w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/cnc-zirkonoxid-platten-graf-hartmetall-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/cnc-zirkonoxid-platten-graf-hartmetall-36x36.webp 36w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/cnc-zirkonoxid-platten-graf-hartmetall-180x180.webp 180w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/cnc-zirkonoxid-platten-graf-hartmetall-705x705.webp 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-9bcxps-d826d0fc83794484cf5838d404a04eb2 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-56  el_after_av_one_third  avia-builder-el-last  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic right-to-left  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-5g9080-f434aec58b223bb8d5a1036c07dbd93c '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='av-small-hide av-mini-hide avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>In many of these applications,\u00a0<strong>zirconaia, a ceramic composed of zirconium and oxygen,<\/strong>\u00a0replaces components made of metal or other high-performance ceramics and significantly extends the service life.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-5c79b4-6e69b2b5b3ba1286ee278a722c6d4dcd\">\n.avia-section.av-5c79b4-6e69b2b5b3ba1286ee278a722c6d4dcd{\nmargin-top:0px;\nmargin-bottom:0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_7'  class='avia-section av-5c79b4-6e69b2b5b3ba1286ee278a722c6d4dcd main_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-58  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-fixed container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-5013'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-haqhy-8b4d7c8b101c5a3a4e99547b969a5b3b sc-av_one_third av-mobile-columns-flex av-columns-reverse av-equal-height-column-flextable'><div  class='flex_column av-haqhy-8b4d7c8b101c5a3a4e99547b969a5b3b av_one_third  avia-builder-el-59  el_before_av_two_third  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle av-animated-generic left-to-right  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-b5r92-d3c3de7723314ba0132a20665349b635\">\n.avia-image-container.av-b5r92-d3c3de7723314ba0132a20665349b635 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-b5r92-d3c3de7723314ba0132a20665349b635 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-b5r92-d3c3de7723314ba0132a20665349b635 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-60  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-4934 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-4934 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/edelstahlgewinde-zirkonoxid.webp\" alt='Stainless steel thread in zirconia part | Graf Hartmetall' title='edelstahlgewinde-zirkonoxid'  height=\"800\" width=\"800\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/edelstahlgewinde-zirkonoxid.webp 800w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/edelstahlgewinde-zirkonoxid-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/edelstahlgewinde-zirkonoxid-80x80.webp 80w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/edelstahlgewinde-zirkonoxid-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/edelstahlgewinde-zirkonoxid-36x36.webp 36w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/edelstahlgewinde-zirkonoxid-180x180.webp 180w, https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/edelstahlgewinde-zirkonoxid-705x705.webp 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='av-flex-placeholder'><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-mpcqh00g-87e82b1eaf402a9cae3e20615a14d67e av_two_third  avia-builder-el-61  el_after_av_one_third  el_before_av_one_full  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle av-animated-generic right-to-left  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mo7cjmat-4d449602fdd3cbc084b76d4df0b40ec9\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-mo7cjmat-4d449602fdd3cbc084b76d4df0b40ec9{\npadding-bottom:10px;\nfont-size:20px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-mo7cjmat-4d449602fdd3cbc084b76d4df0b40ec9 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-mo7cjmat-4d449602fdd3cbc084b76d4df0b40ec9 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:20px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-mo7cjmat-4d449602fdd3cbc084b76d4df0b40ec9 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-mo7cjmat-4d449602fdd3cbc084b76d4df0b40ec9 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-mo7cjmat-4d449602fdd3cbc084b76d4df0b40ec9 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-mo7cjmat-4d449602fdd3cbc084b76d4df0b40ec9 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote modern-centered  avia-builder-el-62  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  av-inherit-size'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >FROM POWDER TO PRECISION PART<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mpcpy8j1-83df8d23e3ab775c7b8899f1dc71499f '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>The manufacturing of a zirconia component typically involves three steps:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Green machining:<\/strong>\u00a0In its unsintered, \u201cgreen\u201d state, the material is roughly shaped using conventional tools in a cost-effective manner.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sintering: <\/strong>At around 1,400 to 1,500 \u00b0C, the microstructure densifies into the final material. The component shrinks by approximately 20 to 25 percent in the process, which is taken into account in the design of the blank. Sintered parts maintain dimensional tolerances in the range of a few tenths of a percent.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hard machining: <\/strong>After sintering, final machining is carried out using diamond tools by grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM), or laser processing. This allows for dimensional tolerances in the micrometer range and polished surfaces in the sub-micrometer range, as required for tightly toleranced sealing, bearing, and guide surfaces.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mpcpxqh2-4d635a7e325626be98b1e85fc7e2c480 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='av-desktop-hide av-medium-hide avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>When joining metal, the\u00a0<strong>properties of zirconium in its oxide form<\/strong>\u00a0prove advantageous: its coefficient of thermal expansion is close to that of steel, which facilitates shrink-fit joints, active brazing, and adhesive bonding, and reduces stresses within the composite. The most suitable joining technique depends on the operating temperature, media contact, and structural accessibility.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 --><div  class='flex_column av-4ia85s-649a6bc3f922ba7cba402e1a68a43ee1 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-65  el_after_av_two_third  avia-builder-el-last  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic right-to-left  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-207zhc-a58aae7de7ee26f370d3b3a09e977274 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='av-small-hide av-mini-hide avia_textblock av_inherit_color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>When joining metal, the\u00a0<strong>properties of zirconium in its oxide form<\/strong>\u00a0prove advantageous: its coefficient of thermal expansion is close to that of steel, which facilitates shrink-fit joints, active brazing, and adhesive bonding, and reduces stresses within the composite. The most suitable joining technique depends on the operating temperature, media contact, and structural accessibility.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ifc70m-dcec92bf718ebe3daf2362774d72b0f7\">\n.avia-section.av-ifc70m-dcec92bf718ebe3daf2362774d72b0f7{\nbackground-repeat:no-repeat;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/marketing-office-working-business-33999-1.webp);\nbackground-position:50% 50%;\nbackground-attachment:fixed;\n}\n.avia-section.av-ifc70m-dcec92bf718ebe3daf2362774d72b0f7 .av-section-color-overlay{\nopacity:0.9;\nbackground-color:#f9f9f9;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='bauteile'  class='avia-section av-ifc70m-dcec92bf718ebe3daf2362774d72b0f7 main_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-67  el_after_av_section  avia-builder-el-last  avia-full-stretch avia-bg-style-fixed av-section-color-overlay-active container_wrap fullsize'  data-section-bg-repeat='stretch'><div class=\"av-section-color-overlay-wrap\"><div class=\"av-section-color-overlay\"><\/div><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-5013'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-grlzly-6a9f0acf3b538971594d156699188fc9 sc-av_one_full av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-grlzly-6a9f0acf3b538971594d156699188fc9\">\n.flex_column.av-grlzly-6a9f0acf3b538971594d156699188fc9{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-grlzly-6a9f0acf3b538971594d156699188fc9 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-68  el_before_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-first  custom-greyscale first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-middle av-animated-generic left-to-right av-zero-column-padding  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-fnm36u-4c4a9789698d846d02cd6a4f17ad5367\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-fnm36u-4c4a9789698d846d02cd6a4f17ad5367{\npadding-bottom:10px;\nfont-size:30px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-fnm36u-4c4a9789698d846d02cd6a4f17ad5367 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-fnm36u-4c4a9789698d846d02cd6a4f17ad5367 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:30px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-fnm36u-4c4a9789698d846d02cd6a4f17ad5367 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-fnm36u-4c4a9789698d846d02cd6a4f17ad5367 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-fnm36u-4c4a9789698d846d02cd6a4f17ad5367 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-fnm36u-4c4a9789698d846d02cd6a4f17ad5367 av-special-heading-h2 blockquote modern-quote modern-centered  avia-builder-el-69  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  av-inherit-size'><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >REQUEST ZIRCONIA COMPONENTS FROM GRAF HARTMETALL<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 --><div  class='flex_column av-dgf80m-cfc1ea8b3e2cfc292a9a1f50c86f78f3 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-70  el_after_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-last  first flex_column_div av-animated-generic left-to-right  column-top-margin'     ><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-mo7dafit-8b5287021393a18c52c09cd4298b914d '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>From prototypes and small-batch production to ongoing supply: We support you in choosing the right material and selecting the appropriate grade, and together we produce your\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/en\/\">precision parts<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/en\/ceramic-components\/\">ceramic components<\/a>\u00a0made of zirconia. If it&#8217;s unclear whether\u00a0<strong>zirconia ceramics<\/strong>\u00a0, another\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/en\/technical-ceramics\/\">technical ceramic<\/a>\u00a0, or a carbide material such as\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/en\/tungsten-carbide\/\">tungsten carbide<\/a>\u00a0is best suited to your application, we will clarify this with you in advance.<\/p>\n<p>Tell us about your requirements \u2013 we look forward to getting to know you and your project.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2ml0yo-1ebb67ecbb2780e4ee2a5168f80cfc0c\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-2ml0yo-1ebb67ecbb2780e4ee2a5168f80cfc0c{\nheight:30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-2ml0yo-1ebb67ecbb2780e4ee2a5168f80cfc0c hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-72  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_button '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-button-wrap av-38r73q-1fe95ce1ee972e0f2675574ba39dc56d-wrap avia-button-center  avia-builder-el-73  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr '><a href='https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/en\/contact\/'  class='avia-button av-38r73q-1fe95ce1ee972e0f2675574ba39dc56d av-link-btn avia-icon_select-no avia-size-small avia-position-center avia-color-theme-color'  ><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >CONTACT US<\/span><\/a><\/div><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mo8gfe9j-edf84f7b9eb70b613d82aa5d3e62d5c5\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-mo8gfe9j-edf84f7b9eb70b613d82aa5d3e62d5c5{\nheight:30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-mo8gfe9j-edf84f7b9eb70b613d82aa5d3e62d5c5 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-74  el_after_av_button  avia-builder-el-last '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/p><\/div>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4940,"parent":4292,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5013","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5013","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5013"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5013\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5034,"href":"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5013\/revisions\/5034"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4292"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4940"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/grafhartmetall.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5013"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}